fiber optic cold connection

Fiber optic cold connection, also known as mechanical splicing, is a widely used method of connecting optical fibers in a network. Unlike fusion splicing, which uses heat to join two optical fibers together, cold connection uses mechanical means to create a stable and low-loss connection. In this article, we will explore the advantages and disadvantages of fiber optic cold connection, as well as the process of installing a mechanical splice.

Advantages of Fiber Optic Cold Connection

Cost-Effective: One of the most significant advantages of cold connection is that it is a cost-effective alternative to fusion splicing. Mechanical splicing requires less expensive equipment and less specialized training, which can reduce the overall cost of network installation and maintenance.

Quick Installation: Another advantage of cold connection is that it can be installed quickly and easily. Unlike fusion splicing, which can take several minutes to complete, mechanical splicing can be completed in a matter of seconds.

Flexibility: Cold connection is also a more flexible method of fiber optic connection. With mechanical splicing, there is no need for specialized fusion splicing equipment, which allows network technicians to splice fibers in the field, even in remote or inaccessible locations.

No Power Required: Mechanical splicing does not require a power source, which makes it an ideal solution for installations where power may not be readily available.

Disadvantages of Fiber Optic Cold Connection

Higher Insertion Loss: The most significant disadvantage of cold connection is that it produces a higher insertion loss than fusion splicing. Insertion loss is the amount of optical power lost as light travels through a connection, and higher insertion loss can reduce the overall performance of the network.

Susceptible to Environmental Factors: Cold connection is also more susceptible to environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, which can cause the fibers to expand or contract. This can result in a loss of optical power or even a complete failure of the connection.

Less Durable: Mechanical splicing is generally less durable than fusion splicing, which can lead to a higher failure rate over time. This can result in increased maintenance costs and downtime.

Process of Installing a Mechanical Splice

The process of installing a mechanical splice typically involves the following steps:

Prepare the Fiber Ends: The first step in installing a mechanical splice is to prepare the fiber ends. This involves stripping the protective coating from the ends of the fibers, cleaning them, and cleaving them to a specific length.

Insert the Fibers: The next step is to insert the fibers into the mechanical splice. This is done by placing each fiber end into a precision-molded v-groove within the splice, ensuring that the ends are properly aligned.

Tighten the Splice: Once the fibers are in place, the mechanical splice is tightened to hold the fibers securely. This is typically done using a specialized tool or by hand, depending on the type of splice being used.

Inspect and Test: After the splice is tightened, it should be inspected for proper alignment and cleanliness. The splice should also be tested for insertion loss, which can be done using a specialized test instrument.

Conclusion

Fiber optic cold connection is a cost-effective and flexible alternative to fusion splicing, which can be used in a variety of network installations. While it does have some disadvantages, such as higher insertion loss and susceptibility to environmental factors, it can be a reliable and effective method of fiber optic connection when installed and maintained properly. By understanding the advantages and disadvantages of fiber optic cold connection, network installers and technicians can make informed decisions about which method of splicing is best for their specific application.