How to reduce the joint loss when the single -mode optical fiber jump is melted

When two single-mode optical fiber cables need to be connected, a fusion splicing process is often used. During this process, the two fiber ends are melted together, forming a joint. However, this joint can result in a loss of signal due to various factors, including misalignment of the fibers and excess or insufficient melting of the fibers. In this article, we will discuss some methods to reduce the joint loss when single-mode optical fiber jump is melted.

Fiber Cleaning

Before performing the fusion splicing process, it is important to ensure that the fiber ends are clean. Any dirt, dust, or other contaminants can cause a loss of signal. The fiber ends can be cleaned using isopropyl alcohol and lint-free wipes. It is important to avoid touching the fiber ends with bare hands as this can leave oils and other contaminants on the fiber.

Fiber Stripping

After cleaning the fiber ends, the next step is to strip the fiber. This process involves removing the protective coating from the fiber. The coating can be removed using a fiber stripping tool. It is important to strip the fiber ends evenly and without damaging the fibers.

Fiber Cleaving

After stripping the fiber, the next step is to cleave the fiber. Cleave is the process of cutting the fiber end with a precision cleaver. A proper cleave ensures that the end of the fiber is flat and perpendicular to the fiber axis. A poor cleave can cause a high joint loss.

Fiber Alignment

The key to reducing joint loss is to ensure that the fibers are properly aligned. The alignment can be done manually or using an automated fusion splicer. Manual alignment is time-consuming and requires a lot of skill. Automated fusion splicers can provide a more precise alignment and reduce the risk of misalignment. During the alignment process, it is important to ensure that the cores of the fibers are aligned, and there is no offset.

Fiber Melting

Once the fibers are properly aligned, the next step is to melt the fibers together. The melting process is done using a fusion splicer. The splicer applies heat to the fiber ends, melting them together. It is important to ensure that the fibers are melted evenly and that there is no excess or insufficient melting. Excess melting can cause a loss of signal, while insufficient melting can result in a weak joint.

Fiber Protection

After melting the fibers, the next step is to protect the joint. The protection can be done using heat shrink tubing or mechanical splice. Heat shrink tubing is placed over the joint and then heated to form a protective cover. Mechanical splice provides a more permanent protection by physically joining the two fibers together using a clamp.

Fiber Testing

After completing the fusion splicing process, it is important to test the joint to ensure that it is functioning properly. This can be done using an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR). The OTDR sends a pulse of light down the fiber, and then it measures the time it takes for the light to return. The OTDR can detect any faults in the fiber, such as high joint loss or attenuation.

In conclusion, reducing the joint loss when single-mode optical fiber jump is melted requires proper cleaning, stripping, cleaving, alignment, melting, protection, and testing. By following these steps, you can ensure that the fusion splicing process is done correctly and that the joint loss is minimized. A well-done joint can provide a low-loss, reliable connection between two fiber optic cables.