Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication Transmission Knowledge

Optical fiber communication is the main transmission means of modern communication network. Its development history is only ten or twenty years, and it has gone through three generations: short-wavelength multimode fiber, long-wavelength multimode fiber and long-wavelength single-mode fiber. The use of optical fiber communication is a major change in the history of communication. At present, China's optical fiber communication has entered a practical stage. In addition, many countries have announced that they will no longer build cable communication lines and are committed to developing optical fiber communication.

Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication

The so-called optical fiber communication is the use of optical fibers to transmit light waves carrying information to achieve the purpose of communication. To make the light wave become the carrier of information, it must be modulated, and then the information can be detected from the light wave at the receiving end. As a technology, optical fiber communication has a development history of only 30 to 40 years, but it has completely changed the face of world communication, and its future development is even more immeasurable.

Optical fiber communication transmission principle

The principle of optical fiber communication: at the transmitting end, the transmitted information (such as voice) is first converted into an electrical signal, and then modulated to the laser beam emitted by the laser, so that the intensity of the light changes with the amplitude (frequency) of the electrical signal, and It is sent out through the optical fiber; at the receiving end, the detector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal after receiving it, and restores the original information after demodulation.

Optical Fiber Communication

advantage

(1) Large communication capacity and long transmission distance;

(2) The loss of the optical fiber is extremely low;

(3) The signal interference is small and the confidentiality performance is good;

(4) Anti-electromagnetic interference, good transmission quality;

(5) The optical fiber is small in size and light in weight, which is convenient for laying and transportation;

(6) The material source is rich and environmentally friendly, which is conducive to saving non-ferrous metal copper;

(7) No radiation, difficult to eavesdrop;

(8) The optical cable has strong adaptability and long service life.

shortcoming

(1) The texture is brittle and the mechanical strength is poor;

(2) The cutting and splicing of optical fibers requires certain tools, equipment and technologies;

(3) The shunt and coupling are inflexible;

(4) The bending radius of the optical fiber cable should not be too small (>20cm);

(5) There is a problem of power supply difficulties.

Development Forecast of Optical Fiber Communication

Nowadays, the sales volume of optical fiber communication equipment and optical cable maintains an upward trend every year. With the development of broadband services and the need for network expansion, the optical fiber communication market will be broad in the future.